Objective. To improve the quality of life in patients with BRCA1, BRCA2 gene mutations after simultaneous reconstructions during preventive mastectomy.

Material and methods. The study included 78 patients with BRCA1, BRCA2 gene mutations. Breast cancer surgery and simultaneous preventive contralateral mastectomy were performed in 76 cases, bilateral preventive mastectomy — in 2 carriers of BRCA1 gene. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on breast reconstruction method. In the 1st group (n=36), radical subcutaneous/skin-sparing mastectomy was followed by simultaneous autologous flap reconstruction. In the 2nd group (n=42), similar intervention was accompanied by simultaneous reconstruction with a silicone endoprosthesis (mesh implant/or acellular dermal matrix). All patients received combined/complex treatment depending on the stage of disease. Statistica v. 7 complex statistical package included multidimensional statistics and multivariate analysis. Quality of life was assessed using the BREAST-Q questionnaire.

Results. We observed worse quality of life in the 1st group compared to the 2nd group according to all BREAST-Q items (p<0.05). Two patients who underwent bilateral preventive mastectomy were diagnosed with cr in situ in one of the mammary glands. None of the patients experienced progression of disease with local relapse and distant metastasis.

Conclusion. There was no cancer in the reconstructed breast, i.e. an efficacy of preventive surgery is 100%. Moreover, simultaneous reconstruction significantly improves the quality of life in these patients.

Keywords. genetically associated breast cancer, BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations, surgical prevention of breast cancer