Objective. To analyze the complications of surgical treatment of patients with congenital anomalies of the jaw and create a modern classification of complications. Material and methods. There were 1590 orthognathic surgeries at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery for the period from 2012 to 2018. Complications at various stages of surgical treatment were identified in 156 patients (9.8%). Group 1 consisted of 64 patients with skeletal class II (110 complications), group II — 92 patients with skeletal class III and 128 complications. Results. Injury of mandibular nerve and uncontrolled fractures of jaw fragments were the most common intraoperative complications. Intraoperative complications prevailed over postoperative complications in group 2 (skeletal class III). Postoperative complications (early and long-term) were significantly more common in patients with skeletal class II (group 1). Neurosensory deficiency of various postoperative areas of the face was common in both groups. Conclusion. Classification of complications of surgical treatment of congenital jaw anomalies was proposed. This classification is based on our own experience and world literature data. There are the following aspects of this system: preoperative errors, intraoperative complications in various anatomical segments of certain severity, terms, anatomical segments and severity of postoperative complications.

Keywords. congenital jaw anomalies, classification of complications of surgical treatment, orthognathic surgery